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Chapter 4 Study Guide
Chapter 4 introduces the three principal types of reactions of
inorganic substances in aqueous solution: preciptation reactions,
acid/base reactions (neutralization) and oxidation-reduction (redox)
reactions. While the "why does this happen?" and "how much reacts?"
questions are put off until Chapters 15, 16, 17, and 18, it is
important to be able to recognize these reactions and to
manipulate them in chemical reaction equations and problem solving,
since they are used very extensively.
Suggested Problems
The following problems (in the textbook) are illustrative of the
important concepts covered in this chapter, and are of comparable
(or greater!) difficulty with what you might see on homeworks or exams:
Chapter 4, problems 27, 30, 34, 37, 39, 45, 46, 50, 55, 57, 59,60,
67-72, 77, 79, 83, 84.
You should be able to:
- Distinguish strong acids from weak ones
- Solve acid-base titration problems
- Know the solubilities of given compounds (Table 4.3) and
predict what precipitates will form when solutions are mixed.
- Assign oxidation numbers
- Balance redox equations
- Predict metal displacement based on the activity series
- Integrate all these reactions with previous concepts, e.g.,
limiting reactant problems, predicted yield, etc.
Important topics and Concepts
- Solutions and Dissolution
- Dissociation
- Electrolytes - strong and weak
- Solvated ions
- Additivity of concentrations
- Strong and weak acids and bases
- Precipitation
- Why do things precipitate
- What's soluble, what's not
- Precipitation as a basis for
quantitative and qualitative analysis
- Oxidation and Reduction
- Meaning of "oxidation" and "reduction"
- Assigning oxidation numbers - how and why?
- Balancing Redox reaction equations
- Oxidizing agents vs. Reducing agents
- Activity series measures "Reducing Strength"
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