Publications of Robert John Charity

Refereed Journals

A total of 147 articles published in refereed journals. Of these, 72 articles are published in Physics Review C and 16 in Nuclear Physics . These two journals are the premier journals for publication of basic nuclear research. A total of 40 articles are published in letter format of which 29 are in Physics Review Letters , the most prestigious journal for rapid communication of important physics results. Another 7 are published in Physics Letters another major journal for rapid communications of physics results. Eleven articles were published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods , an important journal for communicating advances in technology for nuclear research. Six articles were published in the European Physical Journal (formally Zeitschrift für Physik ).

1983 - 1989

1990 - 1999

2000 - Present

Book Chapters

Most Significant Articles

1983 - 1989

1. "Fission Barriers of Pb Nuclei at High Angular Momentum," D.J. Hinde, J.O. Newton, J.R. Leigh and R.J. Charity, Nuclear Physics A 398 (1983) 308-324

2. "Measurements of Pre-Fission Neutrons from 200Pb; Further Limits to Statistical Fission Parameters," D. Ward, R.J. Charity, D.J. Hinde, J.R. Leigh and J.O. Newton, Nuclear Physics A 403 (1983) 189-204

3. "High Spin States in 222Th," D. Ward, G.D. Dracoulis, J.R. Leigh, R.J. Charity, D.J. Hinde and J.O. Newton, Nuclear Physics A 406 (1983) 591-612.

4. "Neutron Emission from Accelerating Fragments in Heavy Ion Induced Fission," D.J. Hinde, R.J. Charity, G.S. Foote, J.R. Leigh, J.O. Newton, S. Ogaza and A. Chatterjee, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52 (1984) 986-989.

5. Neutron Multiplicities in Heavy-Ion-Induced Fission: Timescale of Fusion-Fission, D.J. Hinde, R.J. Charity, G.S. Foote, J.R. Leigh, J.O. Newton, S. Ogaza and A. Chatterjee, Nuclear Physics A 452 (1985) 550-572.

6. "Characterization of Hot Compound Nuclei from Binary Decay into Complex Fragments," R.J. Charity, M.A. McMahan, D.R. Bowman, Z.H. Liu, R.J. McDonald, G.J. Wozniak, L.G. Moretto, S. Bradley, W.L. Kehoe, A.C. Mignerey and M.N. Namboodiri, Phys. Rev. Lett. 56 (1986) 1354-1357.

7. "Heavy-Ion Induced Fusion-Fission Systematics and the Effect of the Compound Nucleus Spin Distribution on the Fission-Barrier Determination," R.J. Charity, J.R. Leigh, J.J.M. Bokhorst, A. Chatterjee, G.S. Foote, D.J. Hinde, J.O. Newton, S. Ogaza and D. Ward, Nuclear Physics A 457 (1986) 441-460.

8. "Excitation Energy Division in the First 160 MeV of Total Kinetic Energy Loss for the Reaction 684 MeV 80Kr + 174Yb," L.G. Sobotka, G.J. Wozniak, R.J. McDonald, M.A. McMahan, R.J. Charity, L.G. Moretto, Z.H. Liu, F.S. Stephans, R.M. Diamond, M.A. Deleplanque, Physics Letters B 175 (1986) 27-31.

9. "Using a Cyclotron plus ECR Source for Detector Evaluation and Calibration," M.A. McMahan, G.J. Wozniak, C.M. Lyneis, D.R. Bowman, R.J. Charity, Z.H. Liu, L.G. Moretto, W.L. Kehoe, A.C. Mignerey and M.N. Namboodiri, Nuclear Instruments and Methods A 253 (1986) 1-9.

10. "Complex Fragment Emission at 50 MeV/u: Compound Nuclei for Ever?" D.R. Bowman, R.J. Charity, R.J. McDonald, M.A. McMahan, G.J. Wozniak, L.G. Moretto, W.L. Kehoe, S. Bradley, A.C. Mignerey, A. Moroni, A. Bracco, I. Iori and M.N. Namboodiri, Physics Letters B 189 (1987) 282-286.

11. "Emission of Complex Fragments from Highly Excited Systems Produced in 93Nb + 9Be and 27Al Reactions at E/A = 25.4 and 30.3 MeV," R.J. Charity, D.R. Bowman, Z.H. Liu, R.J. McDonald, M.A. McMahan, G.J. Wozniak, L.G. Moretto, S. Bradley, W.L. Kehoe and A.C. Mignerey, Nuclear Physics A 476 (1988) 516-544.

12. "Systematics of Complex Fragment Emission in Niobium Induced Reactions," R.J. Charity, M.A. McMahan, G.J. Wozniak, R.J. McDonald, L.G. Moretto, D.G. Sarantites, L.G. Sobotka, G. Guarino, A. Panteleo, L. Fiore, A. Gobbi and K. Hildenbrand, Nuclear Physics A 483 (1988) 371-405.

13. "Measurements and Statistical Model Analysis of Pre-Fission Neutron Multiplicities," J.O. Newton, D.J. Hinde, R.J. Charity, J.R. Leigh, J.J.M. Bokhorst, A. Chatterjee, G.S. Foote and S. Ogaza, Nuclear Physics A 483 (1988) 126-152.

14. "A Novel Approach to the Measurement of the Neutron Multiplicity Associated with Reverse Kinematics Heavy Ion Reactions," A. Pantaleo, L.Fiore, G. Guarino, V. Paticchio, G. D'Erasmo, E.M. Fiore, N. Colonna, R.J. Charity, G.J. Wozniak and L.G. Moretto, Nuclear Instruments and Methods A 269 (1988) 580-584.

15. "Incomplete Fusion and Complex Fragment Emission: A Continuum of Isotropic Sources," N. Colonna, R.J. Charity, D.R. Bowman, M.A. McMahan, G.J. Wozniak, L.G. Moretto, G. Guarino, A. Pantaleo, L. Fiore, A. Gobbi and K.D. Hildenbrand, Phys. Rev. Lett. 62 (1989) 1833-1836.

16. "Complex-Fragment Emission in 12.6 MeV/Nucleon 63Cu Induced Reactions on 12C and 27Al Targets," H.Y. Han, K.X. Jing, E. Plagnol, D.R. Bowman, R.J. Charity, L. Vinet, G.J. Wozniak and L.G. Moretto, Nuclear Physics A 492 (1989) 138-160.

17. "Where Has All the Fusion Gone...?," E. Plagnol, L. Vinet, D.R. Bowman, Y.D. Chan, R.J. Charity, E. Chavez, S.B. Gazes, H. Han, W.L. Kehoe, M.A. McMahan, L.G. Moretto, R.G. Stokstad, G.J. Wozniak and G. Auger, Physics Letters B 221 (1989) 11-15.

18. "Possibility of Transient Effects During the Emission of Intermediate Mass Fragments," J. Pochodzalla, R.J. Charity, U. Lynen, H. Sann, W. Trautmann and R. Trockel, Phys. Rev. C 40 (1989) 2918-2921.

19. "Complex Fragments From Excited Actinide Nuclei: A New Test of the Finite Range Model," D.G. Sarantites, D.R. Bowman, G.J. Wozniak, R.J. Charity, Z.H. Liu, R.J. McDonald, M.A. McMahan, L.G. Moretto, Physics Letters B 218 (1989) 427-430.

1990 - 1999

20. "Sources of Complex Fragment Emission in Lanthanum-Induced Reactions at E/A = 14.7 and 18.0 MeV," R.J. Charity, K.X. Jing, D.R. Bowman, M.A. McMahan, G.J. Wozniak, L.G. Moretto, N. Colonna, G. Guarino, A. Pantaleo, L. Fiore, A. Gobbi and K.D. Hildenbrand, Nuclear Physics A 511 (1990) 59-91.

21. "Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium Complex Fragment Emission in 50-100 MeV/A 139La + 12C Reactions," D.R. Bowman, G.F. Peaslee, N. Colonna, R.J. Charity, M.A. McMahan, D. Delis, H. Han, K. Jing, G.J. Wozniak, L.G. Moretto, W.L. Kehoe, B. Libby, A.C. Mignerey, A. Moroni, S. Angius, I. Iori, A. Pantaleo and G. Guarino, Nuclear Physics A 523 (1991) 425.

22. "Evidence for a Nonequilibrated Dinuclear System in Dissipative Collisions at 19 MeV/nucleon," G. Casini, A.A. Stefanini, M. Bini, P.R. Muarenzig, A. Olmi, G. Poggi, R.J. Charity, R. Freifelder, A. Gobbi, K.D.Hildenbrand, M.H. Tanaka and J.P. Wessels, Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 (1991) 3364-3367.

23. "Results on Two-, Three-, and Four-Body Events from 100Mo + 100Mo and 120Sn + 120Sn Collisions at around E/A = 20 MeV," R.J. Charity, R. Freifelder, A. Gobbi, N. Herrmann, K.D. Hildenbrand, F. Rami, H. Stelzer, J. Wessels, G. Casini, P.R. Maurenzig, A. Olmi, A.A. Stefanini, J. Galin, D. Guerreau, U. Jahnke, J.C. Adloff, B. Bilwes, R. Bilwes, G. Rudolf, M. Petrovici, M. Gnirs and D. Pelte, Zeitschrift fr Physik A- Hadrons and Nuclei 341 (1991) 53-73.

24. "Mechanism for the Disassembly of Excited 16O Projectiles into Four Alpha Particles," R.J. Charity, J. Barreto, L.G. Sobotka, D.G. Sarantites, D.W. Stracener, A. Chbihi, N.G. Nicolis, R. Auble, C. Baktash, J.R. Beene, F. Bertrand, M. Halbert, D.C. Hensley, D.J. Horen, C. Ludemann, M. Thoennessen, and R. Varner, Phys. Rev. C 46 (1992) 1951-1967.

25. "Excitation-Energy Dependence of the Giant Dipole Resonance Width," G. Enders, F.D. Berg, K. Hagel, W. Khn, V. Metag, R. Novotny, M. Pfeiffer, O. Schwalb, R.J. Charity, A. Gobbi, R. Freifelder, W. Henning, K.D. Hildenbrand, R. Holzmann, R.S. Mayer, R.S. Simon, J.P. Wessels, G. Casini, A. Olmi, and A.A. Stefanini, Phys. Rev. Lett. 69 (1992) 249-252.

26. "Statistical Fragmentation of Au Projectiles at E/A=600 MeV," J. Hubele, P. Kreutz, V. Lindenstruth, J.C. Adloff, M. Begemann-Blaich, P. Bouissou, G. Imme, I. Iori, G.J. Kunde, S. Leray, Z. Liu, U. Lynen, R.J. Meijer, U. Milkau, A. Moroni, W.F.J. Mller, C. Ngo, C.A. Ogilvie, J. Pochodzalla, G. Raciti, G. Rudolf, H. Sann, A. Schttauf, W. Seidel, L. Stuttge, W. Trautmann, A. Tucholski, R. Heck, A.R. DeAngelis, D.H.E. Gross, H.R. Jaqaman, H.W. Barz, H. Schulz, W.A. Friedman, and R.J. Charity, Phys. Rev. C 46 (1992) R1577-R1581.

27. "Binary Character of Highly Dissipative 209Bi + 136Xe Collisions at Elab/A = 28.2 MeV," B. Lott, S.P. Baldwin, B.M. Szabo, B.M. Quednau, W. U. Schrder, and J. Tke, L.G. Sobotka, J. Barreto, R. J. Charity, L. Gallamore, D.G. Sarantites, D.W. Stracener, and R. T. deSouza, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 3141 (1992).

28. "Statistical Emission of Deuterons and Tritons from Highly Compound Nuclei," N.G. Nicolis, D. G. Sarantites, L.G. Sobotka, and R. J. Charity, Phys. Rev. C 45, 2393 (1992).

29. "Search for entrance channel effects in the decay of the 164Yb compound nucleus at E* 54 MeV," J. Barreto, N.G. Nicolis, D.G. Sarantites, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, D.W. Stracener, D.C. Hensley, J.R. Beene, C. Baktash, M. Halbert, D. Horen, and, M. Thoennessen, Phys. Rev. C 48, 2881 (1993).

30. "Fission Time Scales from Anisotropic In--Plane Distributions in 100Mo+100Mo and 120Sn+120Sn collisions around 20 A MeV," G. Casini, P.G. Bizzeti, P.R. Maurenzig, A. Olmi, A.A. Stefanini, J.P. Wessels, R.J. Charity, R. Freifelder, A. Gobbi, N. Herrmann, K.D. Hildenbrand and H. Stelzer, Phys. Rev. Lett.71 (1993) 2567-2570.

31. "Mass Asymmetry Dependence of Scission Times in the Reactions of 18.5 A MeV 136Xe + 48Ti," M. Gui, K. Hagel, R. Wada, Y. Lou, D. Utley, B. Xiao, J. Li, J.B. Natowitz, G. Enders, W. Khn, V. Metag, R. Novotny, O. Schwalb, R.J. Charity, R. Freifelder, A. Gobbi, W. Henning, K.D. Hildenbrand, R. Mayer, R.S. Simon, J.P. Wessels, G. Casini, A. Olmi and A.A. Stefanini, Phys. Rev. C 48 (1993) 1791-1814.

32. "Highly Deformed Band in 136Pm and the Anomalous Dynamical Moment of inertia in the A135 Superdeformed Region," M.A. Riley, T. Petters, J. Shick, D.E. Archer, J. Doring, J.W. Holcomb, G.D. Johns, T.D. Johnson, O.N. Tekyi-Mensah, S.L. Tabor, P.C. Womble, V.A. Wood, C. Baktash, M.L. Halbert, D.C. Hensley, I.Y. Lee, R.J. Charity, D.G. Sarantites, L.L. Wittner and J. Simpson, Phys. Rev. C 47 (1993) R441-R443.

33. "The Onset of Nuclear Vaporization in 197Au + 197Au Collisions," M.B. Tsang, W.C. Hsi, W.G. Lynch, D.R. Bowman, C.K. Gelbke, M.A. Lisa, G.F. Peaslee, G.J. Kunde, M.L. Begemann-Blaich, T. Hofmann, J. Hubele, J. Kempter, P. Kreutz, W.D.Kunze, V. Lindenstruth, U. Lynen, M. Mang, W.F.J. Mller, M. Neumann, B. Ocker, C.A. Ogilvie, J. Pochodzalla, F. Rosenberger, H. Sann, A. Schttauf, V. Serfling, W. Trautmann, A. Tucholski, A. Wrner, B. Zwieglinski, G. Raciti, G. Imme, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, I. Iori, A. Moroni, R. Scardoni, A. Ferrero, W. Seidel, L. Stuttge, A. Cosmo, W.A. Friedman, and G. Peilert, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 1502 (1993).

34. "A highly-segmented E-time-of-flight wall as a forward detector of the 4-system for charged particles at the SIS/ESR accelerator," A. Gobbi, J.P. Alard, G. Augustinski, Z. Basrak, N. Bastid, I.M. Belayev, Th. Blaich, P. Boccaccio, R. Bock, S. Boussange, A. Buta, R. Caplar, C. Cerruti, R.J. Charity, N. Cindro, J.P. Coffin, M. Crouau, F. Daudon, J.F. Devin, P. Dupieux, J. Er, Z.G. Fan, C. Fayard, P. Fintz, Z. Fodor, L. Fraysse, R. Freifelder, S. Frolov, E. Gimenez, Y. Grigorian, G. Guillaume, N. Herrmann, K.D. Hildenbrand, S. Hlbling, F. Hornecker, A. Houari, S.C. Jeong, M. Jorio, F. Jundt, J. Kecskemèti, P. Koncz, Y. Korchagin, R. Kotte, M. Krmer, C. Kuhn, A. Lebedev, I. Legrand, C.F. Maguire, V. Manko, M. Marquardt, T. Matulewicz, S. Mayade, G. Mgebrishvili, J. Msner, D. Moisa, G. Montarou, I. Montbel, P. Morel, W. Neubert, R. Neunenumerate, G. Ortlepp, D. Pelte, M. Petrovici, F. Rami, W. Reisdorf, M.A. Saettel, E. Sahuc, G. Savinel, Z. Seres, D. Schll, B. Sikora, V. Simion, S. Smolyankin, U. Sodan, M.H. Tanaka, K.M. Teh, R. Tezkratt, B. Tischler, M. Trzaska, M.A. Vasiliev, D. Vincent, P. Wagner, J. Weinert, J.P. Wessels, T. Wienold, Z. Wilhelmi, D. Wohlfarth, and A.V. Zhilin, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 324 (1993) 156-176.

35. "Time Scale for Proton Emission from Highly Excited Projectiles," R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, G. Van Buren, F.A. Tibbals, J. Barreto, D.R. Bowman, M. Chartier, J. Dinius, D. Fox, C.K. Gelbke, D.O. Handzy, W.C. Hsi, P.F. Hua, A.S. Kirov, M.A. Lisa, W.G. Lynch, G.F. Peaslee, L. Phair, D.G. Sarantites, C. Schwarz, R.T. de Souza, M.B. Tsang and C. Williams, Physics Letters B 323 (1994) 113-117.

36. "Estimation of the time scale of last chance alpha emission using an "atomic clock," L. Gallamore, D.G. Sarantites, R.J. Charity, N.G. Nicolis, L.G. Sobotka, J.R. Beene, M. Halbert, and R. L. Varner, Phys. Rev. C 49, R584 (1994).

37. "Energy dependence of multifragmentation in 84Kr + 197Au," G.F. Peaslee, M.B. Tsang, C. Schwarz, M.J. Huang, W.S. Huang, W.C. Hsi, C. Williams, W. Bauer, D.R. Bowman, M. Chartier, J. Dinius, C.K. Gelbke, T. Glasmacher, D.O. Handzy, M.A. Lisa, W.G. Lynch, C. Mader, L. Phair, M.-C. Lemaire, S.R. Souza, G. Van Buren, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, G.J. Kunde, U. Lynen, J. Pochodzalla, H. Sann, W. Trautmann, D. Fox, R.T. deSouza, G. Peilert, W.A. Friedman, N. Carlin, Phys. Rev. C 49, R2271 (1994).

38. "Collective expansion in central Au + Au collisions," W.C. Hsi, G.J. Kunde, J. Pochodzalla, W.G. Lynch, M.B. Tsang, M.L. Begemann-Blaich, D.R. Bowman, R.J. Charity, F. Cosmo, A. Ferrero, C.K. Gelbke, T. Glasmacher, T. Hofmann, G. Imme, I. Iori, J. Hubele, J. Kempter, P. Kreutz, W.D. Kunze, V. Lindenstruth, M.A. Lisa, U. Lynen, M. Mang, A. Moroni, W.F.J. Mller, M. Neumann, B. Ocker, C.A. Ogilvie, G.F. Peaslee, G. Raciti, F. Rosenberger, H. Sann, R. Scardaoni, A. Schttauf, C. Schwarz, W. Seidel, V. Serfling, L.G. Sobotka, L. Stuttge, S. Tomasevic, W. Trautmann, A. Tucholski, C. Williams, A. Wrner and B. Zwieglinski, Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 3367 (1994).

39. "Limitations to presaddle neutron emission from fission-fragment charge distributions," R.J. Charity, Phys. Rev. C 51 (1995) 217-226.

40. "Multifragmentation and Flow: Peripheral vs. Central Collisions," J. Pochodzalla, S. Aiello, M. Begemann-Blaich, Th. Blaich, D.R. Bowman, R.J. Charity, A. Cosmo, A. Ferrero, C.K. Gelbke, W.C. Hsi, J. Hubele, G. Immé, I. Iori, J. Kempter, P. Kreutz, G.J. Kunde, W.D. Kunze, V. Lindenstruth, M.A. Lisa, W.G. Lynch, U. Lynen, M. Mang, L.G. Moretto, A. Moroni, W.F.J. Mller, M. Neumann, B. Ocker, C.A. Ogilvie, V. Pappalaro, G.F. Peaslee, G. Raciti, F. Rosenberger, T. Rubehn, H. Sann, R. Scardaoni, A. Schttauf, W. Seidel, V. Serfling, L.G. Sobotka, J. Stroth, L. Stuttge, W. Trautmann, M.B. Tsang, A. Tucholski, C. Williams, A. Wrner, E. Zude and B. Zwieglinski, Nuclear Physics A 583 (1995) 553-560.

41. "Two-proton emission from the ground state of 12O," R.A. Kryger, A. Azhari, M. Hellstrm, J.H. Kelly, T. Kubo, R. Pfaff, E. Ramakrishnan, B.M. Sherrill, M. Thoennessen, S. Yokoyama, R.J. Charity, J. Dempsey, A. Kirov, N. Robertson, D.G. Sarantites, L.G. Sobotka, and J.A. Winger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 860 (1995).

42. "Dissipative Orbiting in 209Bi + 136Xe Collisions at Elab/A = 28.2 MeV," S.P. Baldwin, B. Lott, B.M. Szabo, B.M. Quednau, W. U. Schrder, and J. Tke, L.G. Sobotka, J. Barreto, R. J. Charity, L. Gallamore, D.G. Sarantites, D.W. Stracener, and R. T. deSouza, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 1299 (1995).

43. "Analysis of the sequential fission observed in collisions of 100Mo+100Mo and 120Sn+120Sn around 20 A MeV," A.A. Stefanini, G. Casini, P.R. Maurenzig, A. Olmi, R.J. Charity, R. Freifelder, A. Gobbi , N. Herrmann, K.D. Hildebrand, M. Petrovici, F. Rami, H. Stelzer, J.P. Wessels, M. Gnirs, D. Pelte, J. Galin, D. Guerreau, U. Jahnke, A. Peghaire, J.C. Adloff, B. Bilwes, G. Rudolf, Zeitschrift fr Physik A- Hadrons and Nuclei 351 (1995) 167-186.

44. "Fragment Flow and the Multifragmentation phase space," G.J. Kunde, W.C. Hsi, W.D. Kunze, A. Schttauf, A. Wrner, M.L. Begemann-Blaich, Th. Blaich, D.R. Bowman, R.J. Charity, F. Cosmo, A. Ferrero, C.K. Gelbke, J. Hubele, G. Immé, I. Iori, P. Kreutz, V. Lindenstruth, M.A. Lisa, W.G. Lynch, U. Lynen, M. Mang, T. Mhlenkamp, A. Moroni, W.F.J. Mller, M. Neumann, B. Ocker, C.A. Ogilvie, G.F. Peaslee, J. Pochodzalla, G. Raciti, T. Rubehn, H. Sann, W. Seidel, V. Serfling, L.G. Sobotka, J. Stroth, L. Stuttge, S. Tomasevic, W. Trautmann, M.B. Tsang, A. Tucholski, G. Verde, C. Williams, E. Zude, and B. Zwieglinski, Phys. Rev. Lett.74 (1995) 38-41.

45. "Decay of 160Er* produced in 16O + 144Nd and 64Ni + 96Zr fusion reactions," J. Barreto, N.G. Nicolis, D.G. Sarantites, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, D.W. Stracener, D.C. Hensley, J.R. Beene, C. Baktash, M. Halbert, D. Horen, and, M. Thoennessen, Phys. Rev. C 51, 2584 (1995).

46. "Assessing the Evolutionary Nature of Multifragment Decay," E. Cornell, T.M. Hamilton, D. Fox, Y. Lou, R.T. de Souza, M.J. Huang, W.C. Hsi, C. Schwarz, C. Williams, D.R. Bowman, J. Dinius, C.K. Gelbke, D.O. Handzy, M. Liza, W.G. Lynch, G.F. Peaslee, L. Phair, M.B. Tsang, G. Van Buren, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, and W.A. Friedman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1475 (1995).

47. "Prompt and sequential decay processes in the fragmentation of 40 MeV/A 20Ne projectiles," R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, J. Dinius, C.K. Gelbke, T. Glasmacher, D.O. Handzy, W.C. Hsi, M.J. Huang, W.G. Lynch, C.P. Montoya, G.P. Peaslee, N.J. Robertson, D.G. Sarantites, C. Schwarz, and M.B. Tsang, Phys. Rev. C 52, 3126 (1995).

48. "The dynamics of heavy-ion fusion probed by d/p double ratios from a cross bombardment," M. Korolija, R.J. Charity, N.G. Nicolis, D.G. Sarantites, and L.G. Sobotka, Phys. Rev. C 52, 3074 (1995).

49. "Intermediate Mass Fragment - decay of the neck zone formed in peripheral 209Bi and 136Xe collisions at Elab/A = 28.2 MeV," J. Tõke, B. Lott, S.P. Baldwin, B.M. Quednau, W. U. Schröder, L.G. Sobotka, J. Barreto, R. J. Charity, D.G. Sarantites, D.W. Stracener, and R. T. deSouza, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 2920 (1995).

50. "Dynamical production of intermediate-mass fragments in peripheral 209Bi+136Xe collisions at Elab/A=28 MeV," J. Tke, B. Lott, S.P. Baldwin, B.M. Quednau, W.U. Schrder, L.G. Sobotka, J. Barreto, R.J. Charity, L. Gallamore, D.G. Sarantites, D.W. Stracener, and R.T. de Souza, Nuclear Physics A 583 (1995) 519-524.

51. "Studies of light nuclei beyond the particle driplines: the two-proton emitter 12O," R.A. Kryger, A. Azhari, M. Hellstrm, J.H. Kelly, T. Kubo, R. Pfaff, E. Ramakrishnan, B.M. Sherril, M. Thoennessen, S. Yokoyama, R.J. Charity, J.F. Dempsey, A. Kirov, N. Robertson, D.G. Sarantites, L.G. Sobotka, and J.A. Winger, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 99 (1995) 312-315.

52. "Why temperature--dependent fission barriers should not be include in statistical model calculations," R.J. Charity, Phys. Rev. C 53 (1996) 512-514.

53. "Squeeze-out of muclear matter in Au + Au collisions," M.B Tsang, P. Danielewicz, W.C. Hsi, M. Huang, W.G. Lynch, D. R. Bowman, C.K. Gelbke, M.A. Lisa, G.F. Peaslee, R. J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, and the ALADIN collaboration, Phys. Rev. C 53, 1959 (1996).

54. "Giant Dipole Resonance Built on Highly Excited States of 120Sn Nuclei Populated by Inelastic a Scattering," E. Ramakrishnan, T. Baumann, A. Azhari, R.A. Kryger, R. Pfaff, M. Thoennessen, S. Yokoyama, J.R. Beene, M.L. Halbert, P.E. Mueller, D.W. Stracener, R.L. Varner, R.J. Charity, J.F. Dempsey, D.G. Sarantites and L.G. Sobotka, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 2025 (1996).

55. "Changing source characteristics during Multifragment Decay," T.M. Hamilton, E. Cornell, D. Fox, Y. Lou, R.T. de Souza, M.J. Huang, W.C. Hsi, C. Schwarz, C. Williams, D.R. Bowman, J. Dinius, C.K. Gelbke, D.O. Handzy, M. Liza, W.G. Lynch, G.F. Peaslee, L. Phair, M.B. Tsang, G. Van Buren, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, and W.A. Friedman, Phys. Rev. C 53, 2273 (1996).

56. "Origin of slow, heavy residues observed in dissipative 197Au + 86Kr collisions at E/A = 35 MeV," W. Skulski, B. Djerroud, D.K. Agnihotri, S.P. Baldwin, J. Tke, X. Zhao,
W. U. Schrder, L.G. Sobotka, R. J. Charity, J. Dempsey, D.G. Sarantites, B. Lott, W. Loveland, and K. Aleklett, Phys. Rev. C 53, R2594 (1996).

57. "The isospin dependence of intermediate mass fragment production in heavy-ion collisions at E/A = 55 MeV," J.F. Dempsey, R. J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, G.J. Kunde, S. Gaff, C.K. Gelbke, T. Glasmacher, M. J. Huang, R.C. Lemmon, W.G. Lynch, L. Manduci, L. Martin, M.B. Tsang, D. K. Agnihotri, B. Djerroud, W.U. Schrder, W. Skulski, J. Tke, and W.A. Friedman, Phys. Rev. C 54, 1710 (1996).

58. "Temperature dependence of the giant dipole resonance width in 208Pb," E. Ramakrishnan, A. Azhari, J.R. Beene, R.J. Charity, M.L. Halbert, P.-F. Hua, R.A. Kryger, P.E. Mueller, R. Pfaff, D.G. Sarantites, L.G. Sobotka, M. Thoennessen, G. Van Buren, R.L. Varner, S. Yokoyama, Physics Letters B 383 (1996) 252-257.

59. "Dynamical Fragment Production as a Mode of Energy Dissipation in Heavy-Ion Reactions," J. Tke, D.K. Agnihotri, S.P. Baldwin, B. Djerroud, B. Lott, B.M. Quednau, W. Skulski, W. U. Schrder, L.G. Sobotka, R. J. Charity, D.G. Sarantites, and R. T. deSouza, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3514 (1996).

60. "Collisions between 48Ti and 93Nb at 917 MeV," T. Kozik, V. Abenante, R. J. Charity, A. Chbihi, Z. Majka, N.G. Nicolis, D.G. Sarantites, L.G. Sobotka, D.W. Stracener, C. Backtash, M.L. Halbert, D.C. Hensley, and J. Lukasik, Phys. Rev. C 54, 3088 (1996).

61. "Mass Dependence of Directed Collective Flow," M.J. Huang, R.C. Lemmon, F. Daffin, W.G. Lynch, C. Schwarz, M.B. Tsang, C. Williams, P. Danielewicz, K. Haglin, W. Bauer, N. Carlin, R. J. Charity, R.T. deSouza, C.K. Gelbke, W.C. Hsi, G.J. Kunde, M-C. Lemaire, M.A. Lisa, U. Lynen, G.F. Peaslee, J. Pochodzalla H. Sann, L.G. Sobotka, S.R. Souza, and W. Trautmann, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3739 (1996).

62. "Investigating the evolution of multifragmenting systems with fragment emission order," E. Cornell, T.M. Hamilton, D. Fox, Y. Lou, R.T. de Souza, M.J. Huang, W.C. Hsi, C. Schwarz, C. Williams, D.R. Bowman, J. Dinius, C.K. Gelbke, D.O. Handzy, M. Liza, W.G. Lynch, G.F. Peaslee, L. Phair, G. Van Buren, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, and W.A. Friedman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 4508 (1996).

63. "Multifragment Production in Reactions of 112Sn + 112Sn and 124Sn + 124Sn at E/A = 40 MeV," G.J. Kunde, S. Gaff, C.K. Gelbke, T. Glasmacher, M. J. Huang, R.C. Lemmon, W.G. Lynch, L. Manduci, L. Martin, M.B. Tsang, W.A. Friedman, J.F. Dempsey, R. J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, D. K. Agnihotri, B. Djerroud, W.U. Schrder, W. Skulski, and J. Tke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 2897 (1996).

64. "Universality of Spectator Fragmentation at Relativistic Bombarding Energies," A. Schuttauf, W.D. Kunze, A. Worner, M. Begemann-Blaich, Th. Blaich, D.R. Bowman, R.J. Charity, A. Cosmo, A. Ferrero, C.K. Gelbke, C. Gross, W.C. Hsi, J. Hubele, G. Imme, I. Iori, J. Kempter, P. Kreutz, G.J. Kunde, V. Lindenstruth, M.A. Lisa, W.G. Lynch, U. Lynen, M. Mang, T. Mohlenkamp, A. Moroni, W.F.J. Mller, M. Neumann, B. Ocker, C.A. Ogilvie, G.F. Peaslee, J. Pochodzalla, G. Raciti, F. Rosenberger, Th. Rubehn, H. Sann, C. Schwarz, W. Seidel, V. Serfling, L.G. Sobotka, J. Stroth, L. Stuttge, S. Tomasevic, W. Trautmann, A. Trzcinski, M.B. Tsang, A. Tucholski, G. Verde, C. Williams, E. Zude, and B. Zwieglinski, Nuclear Physics A 607 (1996) 457.

65. "Fragment multiplicity dependent charge distributions in heavy ion collisions," M.B. Tsang, C. Williams, M.J. Huang, W.G. Lynch, L. Phair, D.R. Bowman, J. Dinius, C.K. Gelbke, D.O Handzy, W.C. Hsi, G.J. Kunde, M.A. Lisa, G.F. Peaslee, A. Botvina, M-C. Lemaire, S.R. Souza, G. Van Buren, R. J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, C. Schwarz, U. Lynen, J. Pochodzalla, H. Sann, W. Trautmann, D. Fox, R.T. de Souza, and N. Carlin, Phys. Rev. C 55, R557 (1997).

66."Charged-particle evaporation from hot 164Yb compound nuclei and the role of 5He emission," R.J. Charity, M. Korolija, D.G. Sarantites, and L.G. Sobotka, Phys. Rev. C 56, 873 (1997).

67. "Azimuthal 2- Correlations and Projectile-residue distributions Selected by Neutron and Charged-Particle Multiplicity Measurments," G.J. Kunde, S. Gaff, C.K. Gelbke, T. Glasmacher, M.J. Huang, R. Lemmon, W.G. Lynch, L. Manduci, L. Martin, R. Popescu, M.B. Tsang, J.F. Dempsey, R. J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, D.K. Agnihotri, B. Djerroud, W.U. Schrder, W. Skulski, J. Tke, K. Wyrozebski, and D. Ruess, Phys. Rev. C 55, R990 (1997).

68. "Fragment multiplicity dependent charge distributions in heavy ion collisions," M.B. Tsang, C. Williams, M.J. Huang, W.G. Lynch, L. Phair, D.R. Bowman, J. Dinius, C.K. Gelbke, D.O Handzy, W.C. Hsi, G.J. Kunde, M.A. Lisa, G.F. Peaslee, A. Botvina, M-C. Lemaire, S.R. Souza, G. Van Buren, R. J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, C. Schwarz, U. Lynen, J. Pochodzalla, H. Sann, W. Trautmann, D. Fox, R.T. de Souza, and N. Carlin, Phys. Rev. C 55, R557 (1997).

69. "Clustered and neutron-rich low density "neck" region produced in heavy-ion collisions," L.G. Sobotka, J.F. Dempsey, R.J. Charity and P. Danielewicz, Phys. Rev. C 55 (1997) 2109-2111.

70. "Evolution of the giant dipole resonance in excited 120Sn and 208Pb nuclei populated by inelastic alpha scattering. produced in heavy-ion collisions," T. Baumann, E. Ramakrishnan, A. Azhari, J.R. Beene, R.J. Charity, J.F. Dempsey, M.L. Halbert, P.F. Hua, R.A. Kryger, P.E. Mueller, R. Pfaff, D.G. Sarantites, L.G. Sobotka, D.W. Stracener, M. Thoennessen, G. Van Buren, R.L. Varner and S.Yokomama, Nuclear Physics A 635 (1998) 428.

71. "Disappearance of rotational flow and reaction plane dispersions in Kr + Au collisions," W.Q. Shen, M.B. Tsang, N. Carlin, R.J. Charity, J. Feng, C.K. Gelbke, W.C. Hsi, M.J. Huang, G.J. Kunde, M-C. Lemaire, M.A. Lisa, W.G. Lynch, U. Lynen, Y.G. Ma, G.F. Peaslee, L. Phair, J. Pochodzalla, H. Sann, C. Schwarz, L.G. Sobotka, R. T. de Souza, W. Trautmann, and C. Williams, Phys. Rev. C 57, 1508 (1998).

72. "Isospin independence of the H-He double isotope ratio "thermometer"," G. J. Kunde, S. Gaff, C.K. Gelbke, T. Glasmacher, M.J. Huang, R. Lemmon, W.G. Lynch, L. Manduci, L. Martin, M.B. Tsang, W.A. Friedman, J.F. Dempsey, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, D.K. Agnihotri, B. Djerroud, W.U. Schrder, W. Skulski, and J.Tke, Physics Letters B 416 (1998) 56-61.

73. "N-Z distributions of secondary fragments and the evaporation attractor line," R.J. Charity, Phys. Rev. C 58 (1998) 1073-1077.

74. "Direct Observation of the Inversion Flow," R.C. Lemmon, M.B. Tsang, W. Trautmann, R.J. Charity, J.F. Dempsey, J. Dinius, W. Dunnweber, S. Gaff, C.K. Gelbke, M.J. Huang, G.J. Kunde, W.G. Lynch, L. Manduci, R. Popescu, R. Ronningen, L.G. Sobotka, L. Weathers, D. White, Physics Letters B 446, (1999) 197.

2000 - Present

75. "Distributions of compound-nucleus shapes and its influence on evaporation," R.J. Charity, Phys. Rev. C 61 (2000) 054614.

76. "Isospin fractionation in Nuclear Multifragmentation," H.S. Xu, M.B. Tsang, T.X. Liu, X.D. Liu, W.G. Lynch, W.P. Tan, G. Verde, A. VanderMolen, A. Wagner, H.F. Xi, C.K. Gelbke, L. Beaulieu, B. Davin, Y. Larochelle, T. Lefort, R.T. deSouza, R. Yanez, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 716 (2000).

77. "The A=51 Mirror Nuclei 51Fe and 51Mn," J. Ekman, D. Rudolph, C. Fahlander, R.J. Charity, W. Reviol, D.G. Sarantites, V. Tomov, R.M. Clack, M. Cromax, P. Fallon, A.O. Macchiavelli, M. Carpenter, and D. Seweryniak, European Physical Journal A 9, (2000) 13.

78. "Neutron-proton asymmetry of the mid-velocity material in an intermediate-energy heavy-ion collision," L.G. Sobotka, R.J. Charity, D.K. Agnihotri, W. Gawlikowicz, T.X. Liu, W. Lynch, U. Schrder, J. Tke, and H.S. Xu, Phys. Rev. C 62, 031603 (2000).

79. "Isospin Fractionation in Nuclear Multifragmentation," H.S. Xu, M.B. Tsang, T.X. Liu, X.D. Liu, W.G. Lynch, W.P. Tan, A. Vander Molen, G. Verde, A. Wagner, H.F. Xi, C.K. Gelbke, L. Beauliu, B. Davin, Y. Larochelle, T. Lefort, R.T. de Souza, R. Yanez, V.E. Viola, R.J. Charity, and L.G. Sobotka, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, (2000) 716.

80. "Emission of unstable clusters from hot Yb compound nuclei," R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, J. Cibor, K. Hagel, M. Murray, J.B. Natowitz, R. Wada, Y. El Masri, D. Fabris, G. Nebbia, G. Viesti, M. Cinausero, E. Fioretto, G. Prete, A. Wagner, and H. Xu, Phys. Rev. C 63, 024611 (2001).

81. "Fragment excitation energies at freeze-out in 84Kr + 93Nb collisions at 45 MeV/nucleon," P. Staszel, Z. Majka, L.G. Sobotka, D.G. Sarantites, R.J. Charity, J. Cibor, K. Hagel, N. Marie, J.B. Natowitz, R. Wada, D.W. Stracener, G. Auger, Y. Schutz, J.P. Wieleczko, R. Dayras, E. Plagnol, J. Barreto, and E. Norbeck, Phys. Rev. C 63, 064610 (2001).

82. "Energy Resolution and energy-light response of CsI(Tl) scintillators for charged particle detection," A. Wagner, W.P. Tan, K Chalut, R.J.Charity, B. Davin, Y. Larochelle, M.D. Lennek, T.X. Liu, X.D. Liu, W.G. Lynch, A.M. Ramos, R. Shomin, L.G. Sobotka, R.T. deSouza, M.B. Tsang, G. Verde, H.S. Xu, Nucl. Instru. Meth. A 456, 290 (2001).

83. "Heavy Residues and Intermediate-Mass Fragment Production in Dissipative 197Au + 86Kr Collisions at Elab/A = 35 MeV," B. Djerroud, W. Skulski, D.K. Agnihotri, S.P. Baldwin, J. Tke, W.U. Schrder, L.G. Sobotka, R.J. Charity, J. Dempsey, D.G. Sarantites, B. Lott, W. Loveland, K. Aleklett, Phys. Rev. C 64, 034603 (2001).

84. "LASSA: A large area Silicon Strip Array for isotopic identification of charged particles," B. Davin, R.T. de Souza, R. Yanez, Y. Larochelle, A. Alexander, K. Bastin, L. Beaulieu, J. Dorsett, G. Fleener, L. Gelovani, T. Lefort, Ruben Alfaro-Molina, J. Poehlman, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, J. Elson, A. Wagner, T.X. Liu, X.D. Liu, W.G. Lynch, L. Morris, R. Shomin, W.P. Tan, M.B. Tsang, H.S. Wu, G. Verde, and J. Yurkon, Nucl. Instru. Meth. A 473, 301 (2001).

85. "Ellipsoidal shape fluctuations of the compound nucleus," R.J. Charity, Phys. Rev. C 64 (2001) 064610.

86. "Near-scission emission of intermediate mass fragments in 12C + 232Th at E/A = 16 and 22 MeV," T.A. Bredeweg, R. Yanez, B.P. Davin, K. Kwiatkowski, R.T. de Souza, R. Lemmon, R. Popescu, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, D. Hofman, and N. Carjan, Phys. Rev. C 66, 014608 (2002).

87. "Fragment production in noncentral collisions of intermediate-energy heavy ions," B. Davin, R. Alfaro, H. Xu, L. Beaulieu, Y. Larochelle, T. Lefort, R. Yanez, A.L. Caraley, R.T. de Souza, T.X. Liu, X.D. Liu, W.G. Lynch, R. Shomin, W.P. Tan, M.B. Tsang, A. Vander Molen, A. Wagner, H.S. Wu, C.K. Gelbke, R.J. Charity, and L.G. Sobotka, Phys. Rev. C 65, 064614 (2002).

88. "Highly deformed band structure in 57Co," W. Reviol, D.G. Sarantities, R.J. Charity, V. Tomov, J. Dobaczewski, D. Rudolph, R.M. Clark, M. Cromaz, P. Fallon, A.O. Macchiavelli, M.P. Carpenter, and D. Seweryniak, Phys. Rev. C 65 (2002) 034309.

89. "Signature Inversion in Doubly Odd 124La," H.J. Chantler, E.S. Paul, A.J. Boston, M.P. Carpenter, R.J. Charity, C.J. Chiara, P.T.W. Choy, C.N. Davids, M. Devlin, A.M. Fletcher, D.B. Fossan, D.G. Jenkins, N.S. Kelsall, T. Koike, D.R. LaFosse, P.J. Nolan, D.G. Sarantites, D. Seweryniak, J.F. Smith, K. Starosta, R. Wadsworth, and A.N. Wilson, Phys. Rev. C 66 (2002) 014311.

90. "Prompt Proton Decay Scheme of 59Cu," D. Rudolph, C. Andreoiu, C. Fahlander, R.J. Charity, M. Devlin, D.G. Sarantites, L.G. Sobotka, D.P. Balamuth, J. Eberth, A. Galindo-Uribarri, P.A. Hausladen, D. Seweryniak, and Th. Steinhardt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 022501 (2002).

91. "High-Resolution In-Beam Particle Spectroscopy - New Results on Prompt Proton Emission from 58Cu," D. Rudolph, D.G. Sarantites, C. Andreoiu, C. Fahlander, D.P. Balamuth, R.J. Charity, M. Devlin, J. Eberth, A. Galindo-Uribarri, P.A. Hausladen, D. Seweryniak, L.G. Sobotka, and Th. Steinhardt, European Physical Journal A 14 (2002) 137.

92. "Observation of excited states in the near-drip-line nucleus 125Pr," A.N. Wilson, D.R. LaFosse, J.F. Smith, C.J. Chiara, A.J. Boston, M.P. Carpenter, H.J. Chantler, R.J. Charity, P.T.W. Choy, M. Devlin, A.M. Fletcher, D.B. Fossan, R.V.F. Janssens, D.G. Jenkins, N.S. Kelsall, F.G. Kondev, T. Koike, E.S. Paul, D.G. Sarantites, D. Seweryniak, K. Starosta, and R. Wadsworth, Phys. Rev. C 66 (2002) 021305.

93. "Fragment Isospin as a probe of heavy-ion collisions," H. Xu, R. Alfaro, B. Davin, L. Beaulieu, Y. Larochelle, T. Lefort, R. Yanez, R.T. de Souza, T.X. Liu, X.D. Liu, W.G. Lynch, R. Shomin, W.P. Tan, M.B. Tsang, A. Vander Molen, A. Wagner, H.F. Xi, C.K. Gelbke, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, and A.S. Botvina, Phys. Rev. C 65, 061602 (2002).

94. "Evidence for a 1g9/2 rotational band in 51Mn," J. Ekman, D. Rudolph, C. Fahlander, I. Ragnarsson, C. Andreoiu, M.A. Bentley, M.P. Carpenter, R.J. Charity, R.M. Clark, M. Cromaz, P. Fallon, E. Ideguchi, A.O. Macchiavelli, M.N. Mineva, W. Reviol, D.G. Sarantites, D. Seweryniak, V. Tomov, S.J. Williams, Phys. Rev. C 66 (2002) 051301.

95. "Near-scission emission of intermediate mass fragments in 12C + 232Th at E/A = 16 and 22 MeV," T.A. Bredeweg, R. Yanez, B.P. Davin, K. Kwiatkowski, R.T. de Souza, R. Lemmon, R. Popescu, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, D. Hofman, and N. Carjan, Phys. Rev. C 66, 014608 (2002).

96. "Temperature and n-p asymmetry dependencies of the level-density parameter in Ni + Mo fusion reactions," R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, J.F. Dempsey, M. Devlin, S. Komarov, D.G. Sarantites, A.L. Caraley, R.T. deSouza, W. Loveland, D. Peterson, B.B. Back, C.N. Davids, D. Seweryniak, Phys. Rev. C 67. 044611 (2003).

97. "Fast Pulsed UV Light Source and Calibration of Non-Linear Photomultiplier Response," M. Vii, L.G. Sobotka, J.F. Williamson, R.J. Charity, and J.M. Elson, Nucl. Instru. Meth. A, 507, 636 (2003).

98. "Excitation and decay of projectile like fragments formed in dissipative peripheral collisions at intermediate energies," R. Yanez, S. Hudan, R. Alfaro, B. Davin, Y. Larochelle, H. Xu, L. Beaulieu, T. Lefort, V.E. Viola, R.T. de Souza, T.X. Liu, X.D. Liu, W.G. Lynch, R. Shomin, W.P. Tan, M.B. Tsang, A. Vander Molen, A. Wagner, H.F. Xi, R.J. Charity, and L.G. Sobotka, Phys. Rev. C 68, 011602 (2003).

99. "Fusion-fission and fusion-evaporation processes in 20Ne+159Tb and 20Ne+169Tm interactions between E / A=8 and 16 MeV," J. Cabrera, Th. Keutgen, Y. El Masri, Ch. Dufauquez, V. Roberfroid, I. Tilquin, J. Van Mol, R. Régimbart, R. J. Charity, J.B. Natowitz, K. Hagel, R. Wada, and D. J. Hinde, Phys. Rev. C 68, (2003) 034613.

100. "Isospin effects in nuclear multifragmentation," W.P. Tan, S. R. Souza, R.J. Charity, R. Donangelo, W.G. Lynch, and M.B. Tsang, Phys. Rev. C 68, (2003) 034609.

101. "Isotope yields from central 112,124Sn + 112,124Sn collisions: Dynamical emission?" T.X. Liu, M.J. van Goethem, X.D. Liu, W.G. Lynch, R. Shomin, W.P. Tan, M.B. Tsang, G. Verde, A. Wagner, H.F. Xi, H.S. Xu, M. Colonna, M.Di Toro, M. Zielinska-Pfabe, H.H. Wolter, L. Beaulieu, B. Davin, Y. Larochelle, T. Lefort, R.T. de Souza, R. Yanez, V.E. Viola, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, Phys. Rev. C 69, 014603 (2004).

102. "Neutron-skin effect in the nuclear reactions 58Ni+122Sn and 64Ni+116Sn around 6 MeV/nucleon," V. Roberfroid, Y. El Masri, J. Cabrera, Th. Keutgen, L. Lebreton, I. Tilquin, C. Dufauquez, A. Ninane, J. Van Mol, R. Regimbart, R.J. Charity, J.B. Natowitz, Phys. Rev. C 69 (2004) 044611.

103. "Isospin Diffusion and the Nuclear Symmetry Energy in Heavy Ion Reactions," M.B. Tsang, T.X. Liu, L. Shi, P. Danielewicz, C.K. Gelbke, X.D. Liu, W.G. Lynch, W.P. Tan, G. Verde, A. Wagner, H.S. Xu, W.A. Friedman, L. Beaulieu, B. Davin, R.T. de Souza, Y. Larochelle, T. Lefort, R. Yanez, V.E. Viola, Jr., R.J. Charity , L.G. Sobotka, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 062701(2004).

104. "Spin determination of particle unstable levels with particle correlations," W.P. Tan, W.G. Lynch, T.X. Liu, X.D. Liu, M.B. Tsang, G. Verde, A. Wagner, H.S. Xu, B. Davin, R.T. De Souza, Y. Larochelle, R. Yanez, R.J. Charity, and L.G. Sobotka, Phys. Rev. C 69 061304(R) (2004).

105. "Caloric Curve for Mononuclear Configurations," L.G. Sobotka, R.J. Charity, J. Toke, and W.U. Schrder, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 132702 (2004).

106. "Neutron Shell": a high efficiency array of neutron detectors for -ray spectropscopic studies with GAMMASPHERE," D.G. Saranties, W. Reviol, C.J. Chiara, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, M. Devlin, M. Furlotti, O.L. Pechenaya, J. Elson, P. Hausladen, S. Fisher, D. Balamuth, and R.M. Clark, Nucl. Instru. Meth. A 530, 473 (2004).

107. "Neutron-skin effect in the nuclear reactions 58Ni+122Sn and 64Ni+116Sn around 6 MeV/nucleon," V.Roberfroid, Y.El Masri, J.Cabrera, Th.Keutgen, L.Lebreton, I.Tilquin, C.Dufauquez, A.Ninane, J.Van Mol, R.Regimbart, R.J.Charity, J.B.Natowitz, Phys. Rev. C 69 (2004) 044611.

108. "Isotope yields from central 112, 124Sn + 112, 124Sn collisions: Dynamical emission?," T.X.Liu, M.J.van Goethem, X.D.Liu, W.G.Lynch, R.Shomin, W.P.Tan, M.B.Tsang, G.Verde, A.Wagner, H.F.Xi, H.S.Xu, M.Colonna, M.Di Toro, M.Zielinska-Pfabe, H.H.Wolter, L.Beaulieu, B.Davin, Y.Larochelle, T.Lefort, R.T.de Souza, R.Yanez, V.E.Viola, R.J.Charity, L.G.Sobotka, Physical Review C 69 (2004) 014603.

109. "Properties of neutron emission in fission processes induced by 20Ne+159Tb and 20Ne+169Tm reactions between E=8 and 16 MeV/nucleon." Th. Keutgen, J. Cabrera, Y. El Masri, Ch. Dufauquez, V. Roberfroid, I Tilquin, A. Ninane, J. van Mol, R. Regimbart, R.J. Charity, J.B. Natowitz, K. Hagel, R. Wada, and D.J. Hinde, Phys. Rev. C 70 (2004) 014611.

110. "Interplay of initial deformation and Coulomb proximity on nuclear decay," S. Hudan, R. Alfaro, L. Beaulieu, B. Davin, Y. Larochelle, T. Lefort, V.E. Viola, H. Xu, R. Yanez, R.T. de Souza, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, T.X. Liu, X.D. Liu, W.G. Lynch, R. Shomin, W.P. Tan, M.B. Tsang, A. Vander Molen, A. Wagner, and H.F. Xi, Phys. Rev. C 70, 031601 (2004).

111. "Core excited states in the A = 51 mirror nuclei," J.Ekman, C.Andreoiu, C.Fahlander, M.N.Mineva, D.Rudolph, M.A.Bentley, S.J.Williams, R.J.Charity, E.Ideguchi, W.Reviol, D.G.Sarantites, V.Tomov, R.M.Clark, M.Cromaz, P.Fallon, A.O.Macchiavelli, M.P.Carpenter, D.Seweryniak, Phys. Rev. C 70 (2004) 057305.

112. "-ray spectroscopy of core-excited states in 51Mn," J.Ekman, D.Rudolph, C.Andreoiu, C.Fahlander, M.N.Mineva, M.A.Bentley, S.J.Williams, R.Charity, E.Ideguchi, W.Reviol, D.G.Sarantites, V.Tomov, R.M.Clark, M.Cromaz, P.Fallon, A.O.Macchiavelli, M.P.Carpenter, D.Seweryniak, Phys. Rev. C 70 (2004) 014306.

113. "HERCULES: Design, instrumentation and performance characteristics of a highly-efficiency evaporation-residue counter under a lot of elastic scattering for spectropscopic studies with GAMMASPHERE," W. Reviol, D.G. Saranties, C.J. Chiara, J. Elson, O.L. Pechenaya, S.K. Ryu, and L.G. Sobotka, Nucl. Instru. Meth. A 541, 478 (2005).

114. "Comparison of Mid-velocity fragment formation with projectile-like decay," S. Hudan, R. Alfaro, B. Davin, Y. Larochelle, H. Xu, L. Beaulieu, T. Lefort, R. Yanez, R.T. de Souza, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, T.X. Liu, X.D. Liu, W.G. Lynch, R. Shomin, W.P. Tan, M.B. Tsang, A. Vander Molen, A. Wagner, and H.F. Xi, Phys. Rev. C 71, 054604 (2005).

115. "Investigation of high-spin states in 53Fe," R.du Rietz, S.J.Williams, D.Rudolph, J.Ekman, C.Fahlander, C.Andreoiu, M.Axiotis, M.A.Bentley, M.P.Carpenter, C.Chandler, R.J.Charity, R.M.Clark, M.Cromaz, A.Dewald, G.de Angelis, F.Della Vedova, P.Fallon, A.Gadea, G.Hammond, E.Ideguchi, S.M.Lenzi, A.O.Macchiavelli, N.Marginean, M.N.Mineva, O.Moller, D.R.Napoli, M.Nespolo, W.Reviol, C.Rusu, B.Saha, D.G.Sarantites, D.Seweryniak, D.Tonev, C.A.Ur, Phys. Rev. C 72 (2005) 014307.

116. "Continuum corrections to the level density and its dependence on excitation energy, n-p asymmetry, and deformation," R. J. Charity and L.G. Sobotka, Phys. Rev. C 71, 024310 (2004).

117. "Comparisons of statistical multifragmentation and evaporation models for heavy-ion collisions," M.B.Tsang, R.Bougault, R.Charity, D.Durand, W.A.Friedman, F.Gulminelli, A.Le Fevre, Al.H.Raduta, Ad.R.Raduta, S.Souza, W.Trautmann, R.Wada, Eur. Phys. J. A (2006) 129.

118. "The entropy and caloric curve for mononuclei considering both surface diffusness and self-similar expansion degrees of freedom," L.G. Sobotka and R.J. Charity, Phys. Rev. C 73, 014609 (2006).

119. "58Ni: An Unpaired Band Crossing at New Heights of Angular Momentum for Rotating Nuclei," D.Rudolph, B.G.Carlsson, I.Ragnarsson, S.Aberg, C.Andreoiu, M.A.Bentley, M.P.Carpenter, R.J.Charity, R.M.Clark, M.Cromaz, J.Ekman, C.Fahlander, P.Fallon, E.Ideguchi, A.O.Macchiavelli, M.N.Mineva, W.Reviol, D.G.Sarantites, D.Seweryniak, S.J.Williams, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 (2006) 092501.

120. "Cooling dynamics in multi-fragmentation processes," T.X.Liu, W.G.Lynch, M.J.van Goethem, X.D.Liu, R.Shomin, W.P.Tan, M.B.Tsang, G.Verde, A.Wagner, H.F.Xi, H.S.Xu, W.A.Friedman, S.R.Souza, R.Donangelo, L.Beaulieu, B.Davin, Y.Larochelle, T.Lefort, R.T.de Souza, R.Yanez, V.E.Viola, R.J.Charity, L.G.Sobotka, Europhys. Lett. 74 (2006) 806.

121. "Gamma-ray spectroscopy of the doubly magic nucleus 56Ni," E.K.Johansson, D.Rudolph, J.Ekman, C.Fahlander, C.Andreoiu, M.A.Bentley, M.P.Carpenter, R.J.Charity, R.M.Clark, P.Fallon, R.V.F.Janssens, F.G.Kondev, T.L.Khoo, T.Lauritsen, A.O.Macchiavelli, W.Reviol, D.G.Sarantites, D.Seweryniak, C.E.Svensson, S.J.Williams, Eur. Phys. J. A 27 (2006) 157.

122. "Neutron and Proton Transverse Emission Ratio Measurements and the Density Dependence of the Asymmetry Term of the Nuclear Equation of State," M. A. Famiano, T. Liu, W.G. Lynch, M. Mocko, A.M. Rogers, M.B. Tsang, M.S. Wallace, R.J. Charity, S. Komarov, D.G. Sarantites, L.G. Sobotka, and G. Verde, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 052701 (2006).

123. "Light charged particle and neutron production in proton- and a-particle-induced reactions on natSi at energies between 20 and 65 MeV," Ch.Dufauquez, Y.El Masri, V.Roberfroid, J.Cabrera, Th.Keutgen, J.Van Mol, P.Demetriou, R.Charity, Nuclear Physics A 773 (2006) 24.

124. "Asymmetry dependence of Proton Correlations," R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, and W. H. Dickhoff, Phys Rev. Lett. 97, 162503 (2006).

125. "The three-photon yield from e + annihilation in various fluids," K. Mercurio, P. Zerkel, R. Laforest, L.G. Sobotka, and R.J. Charity, Physics in Medicine and Biology 51 (2006) N323.

126. "Asymmetry dependence of Mononuclear caloric curves," C. Hoel, L.G. Sobotka and R.J. Charity, Phys. Rev. C 75, 017601 (2007).

127. A Multi-Channel Integrated Circuit for Use in Low and Intermediate Energy Nuclear Physics - HINP16C," G. L.Engel, M. Sadasivama, M. Nethia, J. M. Elson, L. G. Sobotka, and R. J. Charity, Nucl. Instru. Meth. A 573, 418 (2007).

128. "Decay of 10C excited states above the 2p+2 threshold and the contribution from "democratic" two-proton emission," R. J. Charity, K. Mercurio, L. G. Sobotka, J. M. Elson, M. Famiano, A. Banu, C. Fu, L. Trache, and R. E. Tribble, Phys. Rev. C 75, 051304(R) (2007).

129. "Search for the fade out of a collective enhancement of the nuclear level density," S. Komarov, R. J. Charity, C. J. Chiara, W. Reviol, D. G. Sarantites, L. G. Sobotka, A. L. Caraley, M. P. Carpenter and D. Seweryniak, Phys. Rev. C 75 , 064611 (2007).

130. "Level structure of 92Rh: Implications for the two-proton decay of 94Agm," O. L. Pechenaya, C. J. Chiara, D. G. Sarantites, W. Reviol, R. J. Charity, M. P. Carpenter, R. V. F. Janssens, T. Lauritsen, C. J. Lister, D. Seweryniak, S. Zhu, L.-L. Andersson, E. K. Johansson, and D. Rudolph, Phys. Rev. C., 76, 011304 (R) (2007).

131. "Particle decay of 12Be excited states," R. J. Charity, S. Komarov, L. G. Sobotka, J. Clifford, F. DeLauney, J. Lee, W. G. Lynch, M. Mocko, D. Y. Pang, A. M. Rogers, A. Sanetullaeu, M. B. Tsang, M. S. Wallace, S. Hudan, C. Metelko, M. A. Famiano, and A. Wuosmaa, Phys. Rev. C, 76 (2007) 064313.

132. "The High Resolution Array (HiRA) for rare isotope beam experiments," M.S. Wallace, M.A. Famiano, M.J. van Goethem, A. Rogers, W.G. Lynch, J. Lee, S. Labostov, M. Macko, L. Morris, B.E. Nett, D.J. Oostdyk, R. Krishnasamy, M.B. Tsang, R.D. deSouza, S. Hudan, L.G. Sobotka, R.J. Charity, J. Elson, and G.L. Engel, Physics Research A 583 (2007) 302.

133. "d- correlation functions and collective motion in Xe-Au collisions at E/A=50 MeV, , G. Verde, P. Danielewicz, W. G. Lynch, C.F. Chan, C.K. Gelbke, L.K. Kwong, T.X. Liu, X.D. Liu, D. Seymour, R. Shomin, W.P. Tan, M.B. Tsang, A. Wagner, H.S. Xu, D.A. Brown, B. Davin, Y. Larochelle, R. T. deSouza, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, Phys. Lett. B 653 (2007) 12.

134. "Tidal effects and the Proximity Decay of nuclei," A.B. McIntosh, S. Hudan, C.J. Metelko, R.T. de Souza, R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, W.G. Lynch, and M.B. Tsang, Phys. Rev. Lett. , 99 (2007) 132701.

135. "A dispersive-optical-model analysis of the asymmetry dependence of correlations in Ca isotopes," R. J. Charity, J. M. Mueller, L. G. Sobotka, and W. H. Dickhoff, Phys. Rev. C, 76 (2007) 044314.

136. "Isospin diffusion observables in heavy-ion reactions," T.X.Liu, W.G.Lynch, M.B.Tsang, X.D.Liu, R.Shomin, W.P.Tan, G.Verde, A.Wagner, H.F.Xi, H.S.Xu, B.Davin, Y.Larochelle, R.T.de Souza, R.J.Charity, and L.G.Sobotka, Physical Review C 76 (2007) 034603.

137. "Deformation and magnetic rotations in the 60 Ni nucleus," D.A. Torres, F. Cristancho, L.-L. Andersson, E.K. Johansson, D. Rudolph, C. Fahlander, J. Ekman, R. du Rietz, C. Andreoiu, M.P. Carpenter, D. Seweryniak, S. Zhu, R.J. Charity, C.J. Chiara, C. Hoel, O.L. Pechenaya, W. Revoil, D.G. Sarantites, L.G. Sobotka, C. Baktash, C.-H. Ya, B.G. Carlsson, and I. Ragnarsson, Physical Review C 78 (2008) 054318.

138. "Prompt proton decay and deformed bands in 56Ni," E.K.Johansson, D.Rudolph, L.-L.Andersson, D.A.Torres, I.Ragnarsson, C.Andreoiu, C.Baktash, M.P.Carpenter, R.J.Charity, C.J.Chiara, J.Ekman, C.Fahlander, C.Hoel, O.L.Pechenaya, W.Reviol, R.du Rietz, D.G.Sarantites, D.Seweryniak, L.G.Sobotka, C.H.Yu, and S.Zhu, Phys Rev C 77, (2008) 064316.

139. "Extensive -ray spectroscopy of normally and superdeformed structures in 6129Cu32," L.-L.Andersson, D.Rudolph, E.K.Johansson, D.A.Torres, B.G.Carlsson, I.Ragnarsson, C.Andreoiu, C.Baktash, M.P.Carpenter, R.J.Charity, C.J.Chiara, J.Ekman, C.Fahlander, C.Hoel, O.L.Pechenaya, W.Reviol, R.du Rietz, D.G.Sarantites, D.Seweryniak, L.G.Sobotka, C.H.Yu, and S.Zhu, European Physical Journal A 36 (2008) 251.

140. "Correlated two-proton decay from 10C," K. Mercurio , R. J. Charity, R. Shane, L. G. Sobotka, J. M. Elson, M. Famiano, A. H. Wuosmaa, A. Banu, C. Fu, L. Trache, R. E. Tribble, and A. M. Mukhamedzhanov, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C Rapid Communications (2008).

141. "Investigation of particle-unbound excited states in light nuclei with resonance-decay spectroscopy using a 12Be beam," R.J. Charity, S.A. Komarov, L.G. Sobotka, J. Clifford, D. Bazin, A. Gade, Jenny Lee, S.M. Lukyanov, W.G. Lynch, M. Mocko, S.P. Lobastov, A.M. Rogers, A. Sanetullaev, M.B. Tsang, M.S. Wallace, R. Zegers, S. Hudan, C. Metelko, M.A. Famiano, A.H. Wuosmaa, M.J. van Geothem, Submitted to Physical Review C.

142. "Transport model simulations of projectile fragmentation reactions at 140 MeV/nucleon," M.Mocko, M.B.Tsang, D.Lacroix, A.Ono, P.Danielewicz, W.G.Lynch, and R.J.Charity, Physical Review C 78 (1008) 024612.

143. "Complete correlation studies of two-proton decays: 6Be and 45Fe," L.V. Grigorenko, T.D. Viser, K. Miernik, R.J. Charity, M. Pfutzner, A. Banu, C.R. Bingham, M. Cwiok, I.G. Darby, W. Dominik, J.M. Elson, T. Ginter, R. Grzywacz, Z. Janas, M. Karny, A. Korgul, S.N. Liddick, K. Mercurio, M. Rajabali, K. Rykaczewski, R. Shane, A. Stolz, L. Trache, R.E. Tribble, A.H. Wuosmaa, M.V. Zhukov, Physics Letters B 677 (2009) 30.

144. "Mechanisms in Knockout Reactions," D. Bazin, R.J. Charity, R.T. de Souza, M.A. Famiano, A. Gade, V. Henzl, D. Henzlova, S. Hudan, J. Lee, S. Lukyanov, W.G. Lynch, S. McDaniel, M. Mocko, A. Obertelli, A.M. Rogers, L.G. Sobotka, J.R. Terry, J.A. Tostevin, M.B. Tsang, and M.S. Wallace, Physical Review Letters 102 (2009) 232501.

145. "Comprehensive gamma-ray spectroscopy of rotational bands in the N=Z+1 nucleus 61Zn," L.-L. Andersson, I. Ragnarsson, D. Rudolph, E.K. Johansson, D.A. Torres, C. Andreoiu, M.P. Carpenter, R.J. Charity, C.J. Chiara, J. Ekman, C. Fahlander, C. Hoel, O.L. Pechenaya, W. Reviol, R. du Rietz, D.G. Sarantites, D. Seweryniak, L.G. Sobotka, and S. Zhu, Phys. Rev. C 79, (2009) 024312.

146. Continuum spectroscopy with a 10C beam: Cluster structure and three-body decay," R.J. Charity, T.D. Wiser, K. Mercurio, R.Shane, L.G. Sobotka, A.H. Wuosmaa, A. Banu, L. Trache, and R.E. Tribble, Physical Review C 80 (2009) 024306.

147. "Three-body decay of 6Be," L.V. Grigorenko, T.D. Wiser, K. Mercurio, R.J. Charity, R. Shane, L.G. Sobotka, J.M. Elson, A.H. Wuosmaa, A. Banu, M. McCleskey, L. Trache, R.E. Tribble, and M.V. Zhukov, accepted for publication in Physical Review C.

148. "Design and Performance of a Multi-Channel, Multi-Sampling, PSD-Enabling Integrated Circuit," G.L. Engel, L.G. Sobotka, M.J. Hall, J.M. Proctor, J.M. Elson, R. Shane, and R.J. Charity, submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research.

 

Book Chapters:

1. "Isospin and clustering at mid-rapidity," L.G. Sobotka, R.J. Charity and J.F. Dempsey, Isospin Physics in Heavy-Ion Collisions at Intermediate Energies, Ed. Bao An Li, Nova Science Publishers, Inc. (2001).

2. "The evaporation attractor line," R.J. Charity, Isospin Physics in Heavy-Ion Collisions at Intermediate Energies, Ed. Bao An Li, Nova Science Publishers, Inc. (2001).

Most Significant Articles, (in order of significance):

1. "Systematics of Complex Fragment Emission in Niobium Induced Reactions," R.J. Charity, M.A. McMahan, G.J. Wozniak, R.J. McDonald, L.G. Moretto, D.G. Sarantites, L.G. Sobotka, G. Guarino, A. Panteleo, L. Fiore, A. Gobbi and K. Hildenbrand, Nuclear Physics A 483 (1988) 371-405.

2. "Prompt and sequential decay processes in the fragmentation of 40 MeV/A 20Ne projectiles," R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, N.J. Robertson, D.G. Sarantites, J. Dinius, C.K. Gelbke, T. Glasmacher, D.O. Handzy, W.C. Hsi, M.J. Huang, W.G. Lynch, C.P. Montoya, G.F. Peaslee, C. Schwarz, and M.B. Tsang, Phys. Rev. C 52 (1995) 3126-3150

3. "Distributions of compound-nucleus shapes and its influence on evaporation," R.J. Charity, Phys. Rev. C 61 (2000) 054614.

4. "Emission of unstable clusters from hot Yb compound nuclei," R.J. Charity, L.G. Sobotka, J. Cibor, K. Hagel, M. Murray, J.B. Natowitz, R. Wada, Y. El Masri, D. Fabris, G. Nebbia, G. Viesti, M. Cinausero, E. Fioretto, G. Prete, A. Wagner, and H. Xu, Phys. Rev. C 63, (2001) 024611.

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Revised On: 8/27/09